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Endometrium, endometrial cyst, ovarian cysts chocolate or endometrial cyst is a condition that is associated with endometriosis. In particular, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that are used in patients with pelvic pain (NSAID) has established if (excisional biopsy), the diagnosis of endometriosis is often not determined. The goal of treatment is directed to state the missing. Typically, this is accomplished first using a hormonal contraceptive. This can be achieved by a less known agents other gonadotropin-releasing hormone (i.e., medroxyprogesterone), danazol, or gestrinone, and (GnRH agonist), means progesterone. If oral contraceptives and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are not effective, these agents are typically used. Without losing the effect, in combination with (add-back therapy) progestogen and estrogen, GnRH involves the hypoestrogenic symptoms too. These drugs are short-lived while taking the medication often ineffective in the treatment of relief and endometrium can. Hot flashes such, loss of bone, large aloud, weight gain, and as facial hair, hormone treatment of a large number of sometimes permanent side effects.

Laparoscopic surgical approach, including resection of endometrial and ovarian adhesion. Endometriosis, in many cases, it is considered that removal or surgical resection and is very good in terms of the continuous removal of the disease, you need to be eased the pain. May lead to the improvement of the sometimes fertility surgery, side effects, may lead to an increase in FSH three for many patients or the 2nd cycle. It is believed to be able to recover as soon as endometriosis endometriosis burn and laser surgery, and is much more effective, and are burning the top layer of the endometrium only. Similarly, sclerotherapy and drainage of the endometrium is a technique somewhat controversial in order to remove the endometrium by varying degrees of success. It can be performed to maintain fertility in young patients surgery conservative, and in particular, increase the FSH values, if it is removed in the surgical step functional ovarian tissue as described above productivity ovarian less It is possible but has the effect of improving. The surgery laparoscopic surgery, it is possible to provide improved fertility treatment and pain relief. Radical surgery options may include a bilateral oophorectomy or single.

Is a condition characterized by the presence of ectopic glandular tissue found adenomyosis, the muscles. This refers to normal, (lining of the inside of the uterus) myometrium in ectopic endometrial tissue the (muscle layer of the uterus thick). I suggest the involvement of the uterus, especially term “adenomyometritis is”. Condition usually occurs in women 35 to 50 years. Patients with adenomyosis can be accompanied by pain, and to have the intensive menstruation (menorrhagia, and dysmenorrhea, respectively) and / or. However, since is possible to endometrial adenomyosis layer jam, it is possible to have a pain without an increase in blood was increased. (It can be used to distinguish adenomyosis of endometrial hyperplasia, in the latter state, the increase was more frequent bleeding it) adenomyosis in, the basal endometrial hyperplasia, uterine I have through the fiber. Therefore, unlike the functional layer, the base layer is not subjected to periodic changes in menstrual cycle typical. Adenomyosis is able to create a uterine adenomyoma, and a focal point. It is heavier and bulky diffusion involvement of the uterus.

I can shoot or magnetic resonance (US) in (MRI) uterus ultrasound. And most cost effective, ultrasound is the most affordable price. Or modality, may uterus is enlarged is displayed. It becomes the heterogeneous structure and focal masses that are clearly defined non-characterizing of ultrasound, uterus, and uterine fibroids. MRI provides diagnostic capabilities with improved increase soft tissue differentiation for allowed by the contrast and high spatial resolution. Rather than MRI, uterine fibroids calcified (such as ultrasound), you are limited by other factors. In particular, MRI is recommended that to distinguish adenomyosis from a small uterine fibroids more than one. The uterus, becomes thickened junction zone decreased signal from a set of two, and due to the influence of the sensitivity of delays caused by the chronic iron microhemorrhage T2 and T1. Thickness of lymph node regions more than to see (depending on who you are reading) 10-12 mm is a diagnostic of the disease muscle gland (which is normal is <8 mm). Scattered thickening, the signal junction zone of low intensity, one, in many cases, foci of high signal (brightness) is displayed in the T2-weighted scans representing the acute site microhemorrhage cystically expansion over a small gland. MRI may be used to classify miosis based on the depth of penetration of ectopic endometrium in the myometrium. Accurate diagnosis is possible only model posthysterectomy adenomyosis

Endometrial hyperplasia is a condition of excessive growth of cells in the lining or inner membrane of the uterus. Most cases of endometrial hyperplasia due to high levels of counter-proliferation effect usually, a combination of estrogen and a sufficiently high level of hormones such as progesterone, estrogen on the fabric. This (e.g., granulosa cell tumors) can be carried out in a number of conditions including the particular form of estrogen replacement therapy and obesity, polycystic ovary syndrome, estrogen-producing tumor. Endometrial hyperplasia is also a co-existence of endometrial cancer or factors, for serious risk development, treatment and observation since it is carefully essential that women with this condition.

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Under the uterus, which is joined to the upper end of the vagina (cervix Latin word that means “neck of the uterus” is,) is a small part it cervix. It is the end of the cylindrical or conical from the top of the anterior vaginal wall. Approximately half of its length, is displayed with an appropriate medical device, to lie above another vagina after inspection. Neck has an opening to move the inside, to allow menstrual fluid and sperm. Is a water-cervical mucus, and 90%. Depending on the moisture content changes during the menstrual cycle of mucus acts as a transmission medium or barrier of sperm. (Calcium, sodium, potassium), for example, cervical mucus, which contains an organic compound as glucose, amino acids, and soluble protein electrolyte.

The cervical mucus, zinc, copper, manganese, iron, selenium, and trace elements, including the level of change in response to changes in the cyclic hormone in different stages of the menstrual cycle is included. different enzymes have been identified in human cervical mucus. Glycerol is a natural component of human cervical mucus. The study, the amount of glycerol 頸流 uterine body has been shown to increase during sexual excitement. It is estimated to be responsible for the lubricating properties of the fertile cervical mucus, increased glycerol, may be biologically important during the early stages of reproductive events.

After the menstrual period is completed, OS external thick, is cut off by the acidic mucus. After you enter the uterus, sperm mucus block “infertility” this. Within a few days, the ovulation time, production is “fertile” mucus species, they Yu high content of acidic electrolyte and less moisture content high. The electrolyte These cause a pattern of “fern” seen in drying fluid at low magnification fluid such as drying, as fern leaf, salt, crystallizes. The several methods of fertility awareness, such as Billings and law Clayton model, to evaluate the period of female infertility and infertility treatment by observing the changes in your body contains. There are involved in a number of quality of cervical mucus, in these changes, vulva, its elasticity (spinnbarkeit) causes the transparency, the presence or absence of a fern-like crystals formed his senses.

In order to prevent the kind of fertile mucus because it is produced, and a method of hormonal contraception work, their effectiveness is increased by preventing ovulation, mainly almost. Meanwhile, a method for thinning of mucus, can help you achieve pregnancy. It is that the method takes guaifenesin in a few days before ovulation, but one, was suggested. During pregnancy, it is possible to prevent infection during the infertility part of the menstrual cycle, the situation was somewhat similar, the cervix has been blocked by antibacterial mucosal plug specific. Or expand the cervix during childbirth, just before outside mucus plug.

Lymphatic drainage of the cervix is ​​one of the nodes of the sacrum and the closure of Cardinal link, external iliac vein, and the internal iliac vein to parametralna and uterine artery. From pelvic lymph nodes of these, drainage, proceed to para-aortic lymph node thereafter. In some women, direct, and lymph drainage to the node of the aorta. In the anatomy of vertebrates, in front of the spine, throat (Ratenguru) is the front of the neck. It is composed of the larynx and pharynx. In the epiglottis, the separation valve trachea and esophagus, an important feature of the throat can be used to prevent aspiration of food and beverage. Throat contains various blood vessels, various pharyngeal muscle, the esophagus and trachea. Clavicle bone and tongue only, are located in the neck of mammals.

You see as a synonym for Bali once in a while. It is under the neck on top of the chest of more than just Jugulum. This term is reflected in the internal jugular vein and external to pass through this area. Exit the Wolff duct bladder urethra part of the urogenital sinus, which is absorbed, connect both ends of the renal diverticula, they give rise to a triangle of the bladder and urethra of the prostate. The rest of the bladder urethra part to form the body of the prostatic urethra and bladder, urachal remains is the middle umbilical ligament decisively tip, it will be expanded to navel as a narrow channel that is later removed.

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It is possible sometimes, for example, occur in other parts of the body such as the neck is small cell carcinoma (also known as a “cancer cell oats” or “small-cell lung cancer”), it is often most highly malignant uterine cancer is a type of cancer that occur in the lung, prostate, and gastrointesinal tract. If it is associated with the lung is called due to the cytoplasm and scarce flat cells sometimes as “oat cell carcinoma”.
I This is believed to be derived from neuroendocrine cells in Feyrter cells called bronchi. Therefore, they express the neuroendocrine marker variety, it can lead to ectopic production of hormones such as ACTH, potential and ADH lead to Cushing’s syndrome and paraneoplastic syndromes such. About half of all people diagnosed with Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome, which has a small cell lung cancer probably be found.

Metastatic non-small cell cancer (and therefore arranged in a different way) is widely quick and most often small cell carcinoma of the lung. There is involvement of mediastinal lymph nodes and usually hilar. The SCLC, may occur in a wide variety of combinations of histologic variants of other lung tissue containing complex malignant impurities very. If it is found in the form of a separate one or more adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, and lung such as to diagnose malignant tumors, and was then classified in a mixed small cell lung cancer. Of SCLC, C non-small cell lung cancer, a subtype that is currently recognized.

Synthesis SCLC is the current position, and are treated in the same manner as “clean” small-cell lung cancer, but recent studies have shown, the operation is able to improve performance in the early stages of this type of tumor . Smoking is a major etiologic agent. Are as lung cancer and other symptoms. In addition, by the cell neuroendocrine origin of them, small cell carcinoma, and release substances that cause paraneoplastic syndromes such as Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome such often.

The main venue of small cell carcinoma, it is not a very rare outside of the pleural cavity and lung, it is called (EPSCC) small cell lung cancer. Outside of the respiratory tract, small cell carcinoma, can occur in the bladder cervix, prostate, liver, pancreas, or gastrointestinal tract,. Thought to consider a new case 1,000 per year in the United States that is histologically similar small cell lung cancer, the treatment of small cell lung cancer, it is used to treat EPSCC typically. Line initial therapy in general with etoposide and cisplatin. In Japan, the first-line treatment, transition to cisplatin and irinotecan. Main spot of the skin when a Merkel cell carcinoma more.

Small cell lung cancer is divided into two phases comprising stage a limited clinical pathological long and rich stage . Tumors is shown only from the chest generally by step, whether or not it is that can be incorporated into the portal radiotherapy single total weight of the breast tumors practice is determined by the presence or absence of metastases.  Generally, it is said that the LS case to be limited to the lymph nodes near the lung and lung tumors one. If you have cancer spread beyond it, the ES is said.
In the case (in many cases, including paclitaxel cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, doxorubicin, etoposide, vincristine and / or) of LS-SCLC, combination therapy, I was administered together (RT) and concurrent thoracic radiotherapy.

Improving the survival rate of LS-SCLC has been shown to chest RT. Between 75% of people indicating the (CR) “complete remission” and 45% initial objective response rate very high between the observed using the LS-small cell lung cancer chemotherapy 90% from 60% ( It is defined as the disappearance of radiological evidence of clinical and all RR), of a tumor. Unfortunately, recurrence is the rule, the median survival is 24 months from 18 months. Under most circumstances, has spread widely in the natural history of the tumor at a very early stage, to respond dramatically in almost all cases, SCLC is or RT / CT, the role of little for surgery in 1970 this disease It is from the year. However [18], when it is used before chemotherapy, in the case of (“very limited”) small asymptomatic, node-negative SCLC-san, recent studies, a surgical resection This suggests that to improve survival. (“Adjuvant”).

The ES-SCLC, the combination chemotherapy, the standard treatment of radiation therapy, if temporary, shortness of breath, such as have faster than normal, and pain caused by bone metastases and liver, SCLC is for the treatment of brain metastases responses to whole brain radiation therapy were added only to alleviate symptoms such as. Combination therapy is composed of cisplatin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine and carboplatin and, from a variety of agents. 30% of patients had a complete response to combination chemotherapy and 15%, response rate is also high for a wide range of disease among the majority of response objective of at least some. However, in many cases, the response of ES-SCLC short time. If it occurs in the target having a small cell lung cancer complete response to chemotherapy, (PCI), is used to prevent the development of brain metastases often prophylactic cranial irradiation after. This treatment is very effective, but it can cause fatigue and hair loss. Adverse effect was not observed at all in the prospective randomized trial with 2 year follow-up neurocognitive almost. A meta-analysis of the PCI confirmation randomized trial, it provides a significant advantage for survival. Finally, small cells are very sensitive to radiation therapy and chemotherapy, platinum-containing agents, in particular, basic circuit. However, most people with median survival and disease relapse remains low.

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Sarcoma is a cancer that arises from transformed cells of mesenchymal origin. Thus, the hematopoietic tissue malignancies made of bone cancer, cartilage, fat, muscle, or vasculature, by definition considered sarcoma. This is in contrast to malignant tumors derived from epithelial cells called cancer. Human sarcoma is very rare. For example, common malignancy breast cancer, such as lung and colon cancer are the most cases. , In addition to names based on the tissue origin, grade (low, medium, high) sarcoma receive based on the frequency and the presence or absence of intracellular functions and specific cells associated with the biological behavior of malignant. It is used chemotherapy or radiotherapy at times, but typically, low-grade sarcoma were treated surgically. The combination of surgery, medium and high-grade sarcoma, has been treated with radiation therapy and / or chemotherapy often.

Possibility that the higher-grade tumor is subjected to (spread of local and distant sites and aggression) metastasis as high, they are treated more aggressively. Recognition sarcoma many that are sensitive to chemotherapy can significantly improve the survival rate of patients. For example, in the days before the chemotherapy, long-term survival in patients with osteosarcoma is only about 20% locally, but it has risen to 60-70% currently. Surgery is important in the treatment of sarcoma most. Unlike ablation, it is possible to preserve limb following surgery, is used to maintain the patient at the end of at least 90% of the tumors of the extremities. Adjunctive therapy comprising chemotherapy and radiation therapy may be administered and / or after pre-operative. Chemotherapy significantly, I have improved the prognosis of patients with many of them sarcoma, and osteosarcoma in particular. To be a long and difficult process will take about one year for many patients treatment. The sarcoma, new cases of 15,000 years is very rare in the United States. Thus, sarcoma, which represents about 1% of the new cancers diagnosed each year 1.5 million in Japan.

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common form of sarcoma 3.000 per year from 3.500 in the United States. Sarcoma affect people of all ages. 20% of soft tissue sarcoma and about 50% of osteosarcoma was diagnosed in individuals under the age of 35. The sarcoma of some gastrointestinal stromal tumor leiomyosarcoma, and chondrosarcoma, such as (GIST),, an adult are more common than children. Of stuff, chloroma and children as described by physician A. Burns of the United Kingdom in 1811 for the first, osteosarcoma of the highest quality, including osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma is a young adults.The state currently known long-term chloroma is a much more common can not be seen until 1853. These tumors as having shades of green of myeloperoxidase often, this name is derived from the Greek chloros (green).

The relationship chloroma, with acute leukemia, was discovered in 1902 by Warthin and dock first. However, it is possible to 30% of these tumors is not a green, and a brown thing white or gray, it is proposed by Rappaport in 1967, since then, the more correct term granulocytic sarcoma, become almost synonymous with the long-term chloroma have. There is a possibility that in rare cases, does not occur as the only symptom of recurrence after treatment was apparently successful green tumor, acute myeloid leukemia. According to the general operation of chloromas, rather than early predictor of systemic recurrence, such events should be considered as a local process. A review of 24 patients who developed chloromas isolated after the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia, the average interval between the recurrence of bone marrow, (range, 19 months from 1) was 7 months.

Chloromas, and can occur in organs and tissues of almost all. The most common areas of involvement is gums skin (also known as leukemia cutis) and. Involvement of the skin appears purple are arranged on biopsy to infiltrate the normal marrow blasts, adults, as an assembly tenderness or plate. The leukemia dermis, please note that this is different be permeated by neutrophils skin mature in paraneoplastic process, and Sweet syndrome. Participation gum (gingival hypertrophy) swollen bleeding easily brushing minor injuries and other teeth, leading to gum sometimes painful.

In other organizations may be involved, including the site of the dura mater of the eye orbit lymph node, small intestine, mediastinum, lung, uterine, and ovarian cancer. Linked to its anatomical location symptoms chloroma these sites,; chloromas could be asymptomatic, was accidentally discovered during the evaluation of persons with acute myeloid leukemia. Penetration of intrathecal of leukemic cells or form the most common CNS and meningeal leukemia as described above. Usually, because they require different treatment, this condition is treated separately from the chloroma it. (Ie solid tumors, leukemia) is, Chloromas true in the central nervous system are very rare, but it is described.

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In addition, leiomyosarcoma is a cancer (G “smooth muscle tumor connective tissue”), malignant smooth muscle known as the LMS. (If the tumor is benign, it is leiomyoma). It is a relatively rare type leiomyosarcoma, cancer itself is between 5 to 10 percent of relatively low soft tissue sarcoma. You can not be predicted very leiomyosarcoma. They can remain dormant state for a long period of time, many years after repeated. It is resistant to cancer means that usually, it is not very sensitive to radiation therapy and chemotherapy. While to generate an involuntary that situ.Smooth muscle cells are disposed to most parts of the body to obtain the best results, a still small, surgically removed by a wide range of fields earlier it uterus that occurs when it is possible, the wall of the stomach and intestines skin, blood vessels and all. Therefore, it is possible to display anywhere within (including chest) leiomyosarcoma body are possible, it most in the retroperitoneal uterus, stomach, and small intestine.

Leiomyosarcoma of the uterus comes from the muscle layer of the uterus smooth muscle. Cutaneous leiomyosarcoma, chick skin – generated from muscle builder. The leiomyosarcoma of gastrointestinal, or by blood vessels, there is a possibility or come from the smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal tract. (Behind abdomen, intestinal), trunk, and in the abdominal retroperitoneal end, leiomyosarcoma is to grow muscle layer of blood vessels (medial) to most places in the other. So, where the blood vessels in the body leiomyosarcoma, may be the major site of origin. Grossly, the tumor mark microscope by coagulation necrosis of tumor cells usually, rich polymorphism is a mild bleeding, (power sector 15-30 10) and abnormal mitotic figures.

Surgery, is possible removal of the margin of the maximum possible, but it is a method generally preferred most effective attack LMS. If surgical margin is narrow and it is not clear to the tumor, however, in some situations that are left behind, giving a clear survival benefit has been shown to radiation or chemotherapy to tumor cells. While there are likely to be resistant to chemotherapy and radiation, each event is different, LMS, can result is greatly changed. LMS uterus origin often do, but do not respond to hormone therapy at all times. Should be discussed with your doctor (S) always, to some supplements, may interfere with the treatment, such as chemotherapy (such as over-the-counter supplements, for example) how to add. In the oral tablet formulation called methotrexate therapy Independently, one embodiment of an adjuvant drug, shows, positive results, including a longer period of non-occurrence. When it is used in combination with the core after radiotherapy or chemotherapy, or in, many experts have provided promising results. I belong to the group of cancer called leiomyosarcoma, and soft tissue sarcoma. Or cancer, the development of the support, sarcoma is the connective tissue of the body, such as cartilage muscle, fat, nerves, blood vessels, and bone. Soft tissue sarcoma is rare. 1 (1%) of the approximately 100 in all cancers are sarcomas of soft tissue. Most people with leiomyosarcoma is 50 years of age or older.

It is one of the most common types of development leiomyosarcoma, sarcoma in adults. They will start the cell types of muscle called smooth muscle. Smooth muscle is an involuntary muscle that you will not be able to control us. These are located as well as the walls of the blood vessels throughout the body, on the wall of the organ of muscle, such as the heart and stomach. This means that you can leiomyosarcoma start anywhere on the body. Common location is the digestive system wall of the uterus (womb), and limb – especially stomach.

Research is in progress to try to find out more about them as possible exact cause of leiomyosarcoma, and is unknown. Very rarely, soft tissue sarcoma may not occur in an area that has been treated with radiation therapy for other cancers. Usually, sarcoma does not occur until about 10 years after radiotherapy. Exposure to certain chemicals, can increase the risk of developing some sarcomas. Chemical, includes dioxins and (weedkillers) (used in the manufacture of plastic) vinyl chloride, a particular herbicide.

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Leiomyoma smooth muscle is a benign tumor is very rare before cancer (0.1%). Can occur in all organs, but they, the most general form, can be generated uterus, small intestine, the esophagus. Uterine fibroids, uterine fibroids is the smooth muscle of the uterus. The fibroids are benign, but you can sometimes (menorrhagia) is generated vaginal bleeding excessive, can lead to anemia often, leading to infertility. Benign tumor consisting of a mixture of smooth muscle cells and fat cells – lipoleiomyoma is a rare form of these tumors of the uterus. The uterus lipoleiomyomata, you may want to observe in other pathologies and ovaries, to develop in liposarcoma part. These tumors are monoclonal antibodies, non-random chromosomal abnormalities were observed in 40% of tumors. This is less than 1% of tumors of the esophagus, but they are benign tumors most common of the esophagus. The remainder consisting essentially of cancer. The majority of benign tumor of the esophagus is not detected and clinically silent, but the tumor, which is strategically located in major, or may become symptomatic. Mesenchymal tumors of the gallbladder are rare, a fault in the immune system rarely leiomyoma specific gallbladder, has been reported all of these patients. Recently case has been reported in the absence of immune dysfunction associated. Fibroids, benign tumors of the small intestine mainly. About 50% of cases are found in the jejunum, ileum, and 31% of cases. Nearly half of all lesions was less than 5cm.

Is a (tumor benign (non-cancerous) smooth muscle tissue) leiomyoma derived from uterine fibroids, uterine smooth muscle layer (myometrium). There are several often, they are arranged in random, uterine fibroids, collect the decision of the case diffuse uterine leiomyomatosis have been a lot of cash. You can not receive (0.5 percent from 0.1), malignant degeneration in leiomyosarcoma rarely has malignant form of uterine fibroids and fibroids. Furthermore, is, rare forms of fibroids can lesions to non-metastatic malignant transformation therein, this process is called metastatic leiomyoma, and benign. Uterine fibroids, fibroids, fibromyoma, the generic name of the other is fibroleiomyoma. Uterine fibroids are benign tumors most common in women, I am located after reproductive age and middle usually. Most fibroids are asymptomatic, but they grow and can cause painful menstruation and heavy, frequent urination and sexual intercourse painful. It is believed that this is a very rare, but some fibroids, may interfere with the pregnancy. In the U.S., symptoms caused by uterine fibroids is an indicator very common for hysterectomy.

Uterine fibroids, especially when small, may completely asymptomatic. Symptoms depend on the site of the lesion and its size. Abnormal gynecological bleeding, period painful, bowel movements with bloating and discomfort, abdominal pain, back pain, retention or urinary frequency, and in some cases, significant symptoms, including infertility or heavy. Depending on the location of the fibroids, there may be pain during intercourse. It is possible during pregnancy, can cause impact on the position of the fetus they also, miscarriage, bleeding, and premature birth. Fibroids are common, accounting for about 3% of the reasons why women can have children, they are not a common cause of infertility. Typically, in this case, is located in submucosal fibroids position, it can be considered a function of the mucosa, but also can affect the ability of the embryos injected this point. You may also larger fibroids distort or block the fallopian tube.

Leiomyoma is shown (but not encapsulated), the appearance of the spiral of tissue sections and on the nodule, the solid is a tan or white with a limited and, looks like a rough circle. Size ranges from microscopic lesions of considerable size. Typically, the size of the lesion grapefruit more than is reflected by the patient through the abdominal wall. Microscopically, I am like a bundle of form normal cells (whorl) in which the different tumor cells (elongated, spindle-shaped nucleus, cigar-shaped) and. These cells, and scarce mitosis, size and shape are the same. There are three types of: mitosis and cell active, benign (atypical) strange. Appearance of prominent nucleoli with a perinucleolar halo must alert the pathologist to examine the possibility of renal cell cancer syndrome and hereditary leiomyomatosis very rare.

The origin of uterine fibroids located in other parts of the body, parasitic fibroids called extremely rare already at times, but has been diagnosed with increasing frequency now. They may be the same as metastatic leiomyosarcoma or Relevance. Still, in most cases, they are dependent on hormones, but they when they occur in distant organs, can cause life-threatening complications it. The source of some, I have shown that a significant proportion of cases, might be late complication of operations such as hysterectomy and myomectomy. Used, myomectomy laparoscopic divider is associated with a significant increase in the risk of this complication, especially.

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Endometrial cancer affects the various types of malignant tumors result from the mucous membrane of the uterus or endometrium. Women and more than 35,000 have been diagnosed each year, endometrial cancer is the gynecological cancer most common in the United States. Frequency has increased the secondary epidemic of obesity gradually. Are related occurrence obesity in the determination of endometrial hyperplasia can occur within decades of normal menopause, the more estrogen and excessive exposure, sub-the most common type, endometrioid adenocarcinoma, from the vagina It is located in the most frequently bleeding. Endometrial cancer is the third most common cause of (behind the cervical cancer and ovarian) gynecological cancer death. Hysterectomy total abdominal and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, is the most common treatment. Endometrial cancer, may be referred to as uterine cancer sometimes. However, other cancers may be not only from the endometrium within comprises myometrium cervical cancer, sarcoma, and trophoblastic disease, is formed as well as other tissues of the uterus.

Endometrial cancer most, indicates that you are from a single layer of epithelial cells, in the form of endometrial glands and line the endometrium, cancer they are (usually adenocarcinoma). And inner membrane common type growing in a pattern reminiscent of normal endometrium, cancer cells endometrial cancer, including clear cell carcinoma of the endometrium and aggressive papillary serous cancer much There is a sub-type of microscope many. Endometrial cancer were classified into two categories based on the pathogenesis and clinical features. In many cases, thickening of the (endometrial hyperplasia) lining of the uterus excessive, and post-menopausal women and the surrounding before they occur most often, the type of first in, the exposure to high levels of estrogen with a history of, these inputs are not neutralized by (unopposed estrogen exposure) progesterone endometrial cancer I am more often in the Caucasian population. When you enter the endometrial cancer, is a minimally invasive uterine wall basic things of poor quality. Many (myometrium) is the inner membrane type, I carry a good prognosis.

The second type, endometrial cancer of type II, is the most common in the elderly, in postmenopausal women, those of African-American people are common, and is associated with the exposure of the increase in estrogen does not have. And invasion, clear type or serous uterine cancer, in many cases, is a high-grade endometrial cancer of Type II, with a poor prognosis deep into the uterine wall underlying the (myometrium) have.
FIGO classification of endometrial cancer. The histopathological examination of endometrial cancer, it is very diverse. Observation most common are peeling adenocarcinoma, endometrioid, and mitotic activity, is composed of many small, in active glands at different levels of well-differentiated nuclear atypia. In many cases, this is done in the background of endometrial hyperplasia. Frank adenocarcinoma may be distinguished from atypical hyperplasia represents a non-destructive replacement of endometrial stromal or cancer findings, the clear interstitial infiltration by the “back-to-back” glands. As the disease progresses, instilling in the myometrium. However, subtypes of endometrial cancer other, and there is an unfavorable diagnosis, such as clear cell carcinoma and serous papillary carcinoma of the uterus.

This is a low yield, cancer patients newly diagnosed endometrium is not performed, the images such as CT scan, such as to assess the extent of the disease. Including liver function tests, physical examination and complete medical history, rectal examination and stool guaiac test and pelvic examination, chest X-ray, complete blood count and preoperative evaluation should include a blood chemistry test. Stool is recommended colonoscopy if you have symptoms etiology factors positive woman or guaiacol is common to colon cancer and endometrial cancer. It is possible to predict an advanced stage, sometimes tumor marker CA-125 is checked. In addition, D & C, and Pipelle search curettage give a positive predictive value to 70 65%. However, the most important of these is the uterus, which gives 90-95% positive predictive value.

The main treatment is surgery. Surgical treatment, there exploration ascites, the abdomen, the lymph node suspicious biopsy and palpation, should consist of specimen and cytology at least of (bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy) removal of both ovaries and abdominal hysterectomy. Para-aortic lymph nodes and pelvis, removal of invasion of more than 1/2 of the myometrium more done for tumors have lymph node dissection, the characteristics of high risk, such as clear cell and tumor pathological grade 3 serous sometimes , or extension of the neck or appendages. Removal of the network is carried out sometimes.

It, so you can check the cleaning solution of the abdominal cavity in order to detect further evidence of cancer, to get, abdominal hysterectomy is recommended vaginal hysterectomy. Women with stage of stage 1 are at risk of high people with stage 2 disease and recurrence, offers surgery in combination with radiation therapy often. For those having four or disease stage 3 in particular, chemotherapy may be considered in some cases. Hormone therapy with progestogen and anti-estrogen, is used for the treatment of endometrial stromal sarcoma. Antibody Herceptin is used to treat the breast cancer overexpression protein HER2/neu can test some success in phase II trials in women with the uterine papillary serous carcinoma overexpression of HER2/neu will be.

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Invasive cervical squamous cell carcinoma, is defined separately best:
Neuroendocrine: interaction with the hormone endocrine and nervous system, or is related to be involved. Malignant tumor of invasive cancer of epithelial tissue that tends to metastasize to other parts of the body. Neuroendocrine cancer can affect various parts of the body. In the neck, is rare for cervical cancer, but it is the form very aggressive. In the initial stage, asymptomatic neuroendocrine cancer (or show signs of disease or other illness, not producing). In more advanced stages, symptoms of neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix include: pain in back and legs urination with bleeding from abnormal vagina, increase of textile, pelvic pain, pain, sex, fatigue, swollen pain in between. You may outstanding, death and transition occurs when you left.

Small cell carcinoma of the cervix (SCC) is a member of better mixing cervical cancer and squamous cell carcinoma component form of cancer or (ADC), a non-SCC, a group of neuroendocrine often. SCC is an aggressive tumor that spreads rapidly in the beginning of the day, which leads to minimal chance of survival of patients with clinical course fatal. For less than 3% of cervical cancer of all, this is similar to the account and small cell lung cancer. As small-cell lung cancer and play an important role in the spread of cancer in the lymph nodes body. The SCC, beginning in the womb neck, diagnosis is very difficult. The involvement of lymph nodes, and mortally end, it can be spread out on the pelvic organs other.

Proliferation of lymph node metastasis, and thereby, systemic metastasis is much higher is required for the SCC is a more complex procedure than the SCC-SCC others. Is considered by the (ajronline.org) “, because patients with this disease and importance, of the natural history of small cell carcinoma of the cervix, that there is a systemic disease it, therapeutic strategies for this disorder, I is different from that of other cancers. ” According to reports (such as Yang, 2003) to, radiation therapy and pelvic multi-agent chemotherapy (radical hysterectomy), better results for patients with those obtained before surgery followed by chemotherapy after surgery was. Unfortunately, Pap smear is sufficient for the diagnosis of SCC alone, is sometimes misdiagnosed as No. 3 SCC on the basis of the results of the Pap test alone patients. It MRI that is required for proper diagnosis imaging studies is the highest level for imaging assessment of cervical cancer has been suggested. Routine, that is the main problem of accurate early diagnosis of SCC is a limitation of the dirt.

Is very rare, large cell carcinoma small cell carcinoma, such as this, such as (SCC) (LCC) is about 5% of the cervical cancer of all. Diagnose the sub-mucosa of the location of the tumor cause in the early stages of the LCC, it is difficult and very aggressive in order to reduce the mucosa intact. As with SCC, LCC is asymptomatic cases early. In a later stage, presenting irregular bleeding, pelvic pain and vaginal spotting, and discharge. Basis for the treatment of tumors is obtained by LCC therapy, when used for SCC, was diagnosed, multimodal therapy should be considered as SCC. Cervical cancer, there is a possibility that cough discharge and / or vaginal bleeding, pelvic pain, leg swelling feet and back pain (edema), chronic symptoms of weight loss occurs again. This can be repeated on the liver vagina, pelvic lymph nodes, or lung. If it is not specified above, if. Radiation therapy can be treated with chemotherapy and external beam radiotherapy with interstitial radiation therapy or intraluminal recurrence and is limited to the pelvis already provided, “radiation, only options, after. became about 50% “. year survival pelvic exenteration rectum and creating artificial bladder and bladder and / or removal uterus, vagina, pelvic exenteration is (Womenscancercenter.com) chemotherapy that you delete or surgical women with metastatic disease is useful for women with recurrent tumor can not.

Sensitive and reproductive organs sex female hormone basic uterus and uterus of most mammals, including humans. One end of the uterus mouth depending on the other species in the vagina, and is connected to the oviduct or both. This is usually in the marsupials, such as kangaroos and opossums such, we developed a placental mammal fully and partially people, some in the uterus that develops during pregnancy the fetus. The uterus of the two, depending on the species and typical, may be fused to the uterus partially or completely female fetus, the first in placental mammals. In many species with two uterus, one but it is working. You can not uterus is completely melted in some individuals, but in the higher primates other, such as chimpanzees and humans, horses and, usually, you have a uterus that fused completely. In English, the term uterus is used consistently within the medical and related occupations, long-term uterus of Germany is received is more common in everyday use.

Rather than most animals placing the eggs such as birds and reptiles such containing species ovoviviparity most have oviduct uterus. However, embryonic (as well as of ovoviviparity) A recent study of biology on the lizard Trachylepis ivensi, I revealed the development of similar very close to the development of eutherian mammal placenta. Monotremes, ie, this term is used to describe the same body in the fallopian tubes and uterus or mammal, produce the echidna and platypus, but the eggs, because it does not develop into the placenta of the mother, after fertilization and formation Not being supplied with additional. The marsupials, connect the third functioning as a birth canal, the vagina, the horizontal direction is used as a “vaginal” in the middle, each has a uterine two. Embryo of marsupials yolk sac, between placenta “real” single-pass and (egg features choriovitelline “placenta” that not only supplies the majority of the supply of the embryo, to give the nutrient consumption and uterine wall can be considered as a cross), from the formation maternal blood.

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Gleason grading system was to evaluate the prognosis of men with prostate cancer. Incorporated strategies prostate cancer stage helps to predict the other parameters, the estimated values ​​together, to guide the treatment. A more aggressive has given for prostate cancer based on microscopic appearance.Cancers with Gleason score higher Gleason score, it is a poor prognosis. Prostate biopsy is a procedure that is removed from the prostate of male small needle core sample is examined under a microscope for the presence of cancer. Result of blood test, the PSA level is related to the possible presence of prostate cancer rises to, this is usually performed. This can be (DRE) is caused by digital rectal examination abnormal. The PSA and there is room for discussion, PSA screening can be improved by (BPH, benign prostatic hyperplasia), by infection, or to manipulate the prostate catheter surgery or hypertrophy benign. Procedure is usually performed in outpatient, you need a local anesthetic, but some people do report discomfort of biopsy. The most common side effects in the procedure is blood in feces and urine through the blood and a few days in a few weeks and then option ejaculation. Usually a self-limiting, these side effects do not require additional processing.

Procedure can be through the urethra, or through the perineum, do transrectally. And historically transrectally, the most common approach, is being carried out in guidelines tactile finger this. Currently, the most common method of prostate biopsy is the transrectal ultrasound prostate (TRUS) biopsy. Raw extension scheme take 12-14 core through a small needle in a systematic manner from different regions of the prostate from prostate. Antibiotics typically are defined in minmize so the risk of infection. Enema, you may be prescribed to themorning for the procedure. The procedures of the rectum, the doctor inserts ultrasound, to help the biopsy needle into the rectum. The local anesthetic, are then applied to the dental treatment, the prostate, was administered to the surrounding tissue in the same manner as local anesthetic. Spring prostate tissue biopsy needle is inserted into the prostate. Makes a specific sound, local anesthetic if it is satisfied, is held to a minimum discomfort.

In a multicenter study large patient 2299 people, 12 scheme biopsy site, and 44.4% detection rate general, inspection of the cancer detection rate, otherwise using another method for biopsy I am beyond the circuit of all. Ranging from <68% of the hospital in 2 PSA> 20 から 19% in the PSA direct patient, PSA level is related to the detection frequency of cancer. However, biopsy negative, does not guarantee that there is no disease. So you can see an ultrasonic often, prostate cancer, is “blind” systematic TRUS biopsy. This problem is exacerbated in larger prostate patient. Core 14 on-site inspection, additional, are made often “missed” at the site of the common regional front and tip of cancer. The biopsy of the first, is likely to miss the 20-30% of cancer clinically significant. Therefore, the subsequent biopsy is often followed by a negative biopsy of men with a level that sustained elevation of PSA. I have a biopsy detection rate of each session that cancer is reduced. Recently, in order to address this problem, researchers have examined the ability of mitochondrial DNA to help diagnose prostate cancer in biopsy negative.

Since the mid-1980s, for prostate cancer could not be seen on ultrasound due to poor soft tissue resolution, TRUS biopsy is used to diagnose prostate cancer in substantially the blind method. However, it is used for characterizing prostate cancer and identifying good in the middle of 2000 multi-parameter MRI. The study in surgical pathology specimens and correlated MRI, 59% together, showed a sensitivity specificity of 84%, T2, dynamic contrast, the diffusion-weighted images for the detection of cancer. Prostate many tumors missed by biopsy detection of conventional target an MRI guided biopsy. Prostate biopsy “goal” or MRI round, is as follows: two ways. MRI biopsy tract “core” (1) Direct combination of stored real-time MRI, using the biopsy device, fusion ultrasonography (2) (MRI-US). Recognition MRI-US or synthetic vision is disclosed.

When used alone, MRI is performed by the interventional radiologist prostate biopsy guide. Correlation is improved between ascompared MRI guided biopsy to TRUS during the final pathology and biopsy. The fusion NMR U.S. prostate biopsy, prostate MRI raw is executed before, when the biopsy, later, to guide the purpose suspicious urologist, MRI images are merged with ultrasound imaging. U.S. biopsy can be achieved in an office environment with various devices and fusion MRI. It appears better than the standard TRUS biopsy to detect prostate cancer by MRI guided biopsy of the prostate. It than blind systematic biopsy possibility of detecting the cancer is several times have been shown to target biopsy several groups in Europe and the United States was obtained using the fusion image. Potential target cancer is high, and more suspicious MRI, a biopsy.

What is needed from the reader for a fair amount of experience to study prostate MRI. We will continue to evolve as experience MRI scoring system for setting the level of suspicion of cancer have been described, a new modality will increase definitely. By 2013, guidelines for biopsy targeted a program of active surveillance that allows you to use a confirmatory biopsy in that not only concern of increased PSA, you want to add TRUS biopsy traditional staging and more accurate confidence in in spite of the patient registration, patient contains mainly of whom were negative for. In response to the initial biopsy, men towards the biopsy more and more, therefore, the use of pre-biopsy MRI is growing rapidly. The study NIH, the funding has been required, it is in progress to clarify the benefits of prostate biopsy targeted further.

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Gleason grading system was to evaluate the prognosis of men with prostate cancer. Incorporated strategies prostate cancer stage helps to predict the other parameters, the estimated values ​​together, to guide the treatment. A more aggressive has given for prostate cancer based on microscopic appearance.Cancers with Gleason score higher Gleason score, it is a poor prognosis. Prostate biopsy is a procedure that is removed from the prostate of male small needle core sample is examined under a microscope for the presence of cancer. Result of blood test, the PSA level is related to the possible presence of prostate cancer rises to, this is usually performed. This can be (DRE) is caused by digital rectal examination abnormal. The PSA and there is room for discussion, PSA screening can be improved by (BPH, benign prostatic hyperplasia), by infection, or to manipulate the prostate catheter surgery or hypertrophy benign. Procedure is usually performed in outpatient, you need a local anesthetic, but some people do report discomfort of biopsy. The most common side effects in the procedure is blood in feces and urine through the blood and a few days in a few weeks and then option ejaculation. Usually a self-limiting, these side effects do not require additional processing.

Procedure can be through the urethra, or through the perineum, do transrectally. And historically transrectally, the most common approach, is being carried out in guidelines tactile finger this. Currently, the most common method of prostate biopsy is the transrectal ultrasound prostate (TRUS) biopsy. Raw extension scheme take 12-14 core through a small needle in a systematic manner from different regions of the prostate from prostate. Antibiotics typically are defined in minmize so the risk of infection. Enema, you may be prescribed to themorning for the procedure. The procedures of the rectum, the doctor inserts ultrasound, to help the biopsy needle into the rectum. The local anesthetic, are then applied to the dental treatment, the prostate, was administered to the surrounding tissue in the same manner as local anesthetic. Spring prostate tissue biopsy needle is inserted into the prostate. Makes a specific sound, local anesthetic if it is satisfied, is held to a minimum discomfort.

In a multicenter study large patient 2299 people, 12 scheme biopsy site, and 44.4% detection rate general, inspection of the cancer detection rate, otherwise using another method for biopsy I am beyond the circuit of all. Ranging from <68% of the hospital in 2 PSA> 20 から 19% in the PSA direct patient, PSA level is related to the detection frequency of cancer. However, biopsy negative, does not guarantee that there is no disease. So you can see an ultrasonic often, prostate cancer, is “blind” systematic TRUS biopsy. This problem is exacerbated in larger prostate patient. Core 14 on-site inspection, additional, are made often “missed” at the site of the common regional front and tip of cancer. The biopsy of the first, is likely to miss the 20-30% of cancer clinically significant. Therefore, the subsequent biopsy is often followed by a negative biopsy of men with a level that sustained elevation of PSA. I have a biopsy detection rate of each session that cancer is reduced. Recently, in order to address this problem, researchers have examined the ability of mitochondrial DNA to help diagnose prostate cancer in biopsy negative.

Since the mid-1980s, for prostate cancer could not be seen on ultrasound due to poor soft tissue resolution, TRUS biopsy is used to diagnose prostate cancer in substantially the blind method. However, it is used for characterizing prostate cancer and identifying good in the middle of 2000 multi-parameter MRI. The study in surgical pathology specimens and correlated MRI, 59% together, showed a sensitivity specificity of 84%, T2, dynamic contrast, the diffusion-weighted images for the detection of cancer. Prostate many tumors missed by biopsy detection of conventional target an MRI guided biopsy. Prostate biopsy “goal” or MRI round, is as follows: two ways. MRI biopsy tract “core” (1) Direct combination of stored real-time MRI, using the biopsy device, fusion ultrasonography (2) (MRI-US). Recognition MRI-US or synthetic vision is disclosed.

When used alone, MRI is performed by the interventional radiologist prostate biopsy guide. Correlation is improved between ascompared MRI guided biopsy to TRUS during the final pathology and biopsy. The fusion NMR U.S. prostate biopsy, prostate MRI raw is executed before, when the biopsy, later, to guide the purpose suspicious urologist, MRI images are merged with ultrasound imaging. U.S. biopsy can be achieved in an office environment with various devices and fusion MRI. It appears better than the standard TRUS biopsy to detect prostate cancer by MRI guided biopsy of the prostate. It than blind systematic biopsy possibility of detecting the cancer is several times have been shown to target biopsy several groups in Europe and the United States was obtained using the fusion image. Potential target cancer is high, and more suspicious MRI, a biopsy.

What is needed from the reader for a fair amount of experience to study prostate MRI. We will continue to evolve as experience MRI scoring system for setting the level of suspicion of cancer have been described, a new modality will increase definitely. By 2013, guidelines for biopsy targeted a program of active surveillance that allows you to use a confirmatory biopsy in that not only concern of increased PSA, you want to add TRUS biopsy traditional staging and more accurate confidence in in spite of the patient registration, patient contains mainly of whom were negative for. In response to the initial biopsy, men towards the biopsy more and more, therefore, the use of pre-biopsy MRI is growing rapidly. The study NIH, the funding has been required, it is in progress to clarify the benefits of prostate biopsy targeted further.